Request for Comments: 1280
Obsoletes: RFCs 1250
1100, 1083, 1130, 1140, 1200
STD: 1
J. Postel, Editor
March 1992
IAB OFFICIAL PROTOCOL STANDARDS
Status of this Memo
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This memo describes the state of standardization of protocols used in the Internet as determined by the Internet Activities Board (IAB). Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Table of Contents
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Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. The Standardization Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. The Request for Comments Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3. Other Reference Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.1. Assigned Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.2. Gateway Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.3. Host Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.4. The MIL-STD Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4. Explanation of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4.1. Definitions of Protocol State (Maturity Level) . . . . . . 8 4.1.1. Standard Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.1.2. Draft Standard Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.1.3. Proposed Standard Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.1.4. Experimental Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.1.5. Informational Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.1.6. Historic Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.2. Definitions of Protocol Status (Requirement Level) . . . 10 4.2.1. Required Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.2.2. Recommended Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.2.3. Elective Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.2.4. Limited Use Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.2.5. Not Recommended Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5. The Standards Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5.1. The RFC Processing Decision Table . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5.2. The Standards Track Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 6. The Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 6.1. Recent Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 6.1.1. New RFCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 6.1.2. Other Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 6.2. Standard Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6.3. Network-Specific Standard Protocols . . . . . . . . . . 22 6.4. Draft Standard Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 6.5. Proposed Standard Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 6.6. Telnet Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 6.7. Experimental Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 6.8. Informational Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 6.9. Historic Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 7. Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 7.1. IAB, IETF, and IRTF Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 7.1.1. Internet Activities Board (IAB) Contact . . . . . . . 28 7.1.2. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Contact . . . . 29 7.1.3. Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) Contact . . . . . 30 7.2. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) Contact . . . 30 7.3. Request for Comments Editor Contact . . . . . . . . . . 31 7.4. Network Information Center Contact . . . . . . . . . . . 31 7.5. Sources for Requests for Comments . . . . . . . . . . . 32 7.6. SRI Network Information Systems Center . . . . . . . . . 32 8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 9. Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Introduction
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Discussion of the standardization process and the RFC document series is presented first, followed by an explanation of the terms. Sections 6.2 - 6.9 contain the lists of protocols in each stage of standardization. Finally come pointers to references and contacts for further information.
This memo is intended to be issued quarterly; please be sure the copy you are reading is current. Current copies may be obtained from the Network Information Center or from the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (see the contact information at the end of this memo). Do not use this edition after 31-July-92.
See Section 6.1 for a description of recent changes. In the official lists in sections 6.2 - 6.9, an asterisk (*) next to a protocol denotes that it is new to this document or has been moved from one protocol level to another, or differs from the previous edition of this document.
1. The Standardization Process
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The Internet Activities Board maintains this list of documents that define standards for the Internet protocol suite (see RFC-1160 for an explanation of the role and organization of the IAB and its subsidiary groups, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Research Task Force (IRTF)). The IAB provides these standards with the goal of co-ordinating the evolution of the Internet protocols; this co-ordination has become quite important as the Internet protocols are increasingly in general commercial use. The definitive description of the Internet standards process is found in RFC-1310.
The majority of Internet protocol development and standardization activity takes place in the working groups of the Internet Engineering Task Force.
Protocols which are to become standards in the Internet go through a series of states or maturity levels (proposed standard, draft standard, and standard) involving increasing amounts of scrutiny and testing. When a protocol completes this process it is assigned a STD number (see RFC-1311). At each step, the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG) of the IETF must make a recommendation for advancement of the protocol and the IAB must ratify it. If a recommendation is not ratified, the protocol is remanded to the IETF for further work.
To allow time for the Internet community to consider and react to standardization proposals, the IAB imposes a minimum delay of 6 months before a proposed standard can be advanced to a draft standard and 4 months before a draft standard can be promoted to standard.
It is general IAB practice that no proposed standard can be promoted to draft standard without at least two independent implementations (and the recommendation of the IESG). Promotion from draft standard to standard generally requires operational experience and demonstrated interoperability of two or more implementations (and the recommendation of the IESG).
In cases where there is uncertainty as to the proper decision concerning a protocol the IAB may convene a special review committee consisting of experts from the IETF, IRTF and the IAB with the purpose of recommending an explicit action to the IAB.
Advancement of a protocol to proposed standard is an important step since it marks a protocol as a candidate for eventual standardization (it puts the protocol "on the standards track"). Advancement to draft standard is a major step which warns the community that, unless major objections are raised or flaws are discovered, the protocol is likely to be advanced to standard in six months.
Some protocols have been superseded by better ones or are otherwise unused. Such protocols are still documented in this memorandum with the designation "historic".
Because the IAB believes it is useful to document the results of early protocol research and development work, some of the RFCs document protocols which are still in an experimental condition. The protocols are designated "experimental" in this memorandum. They appear in this report as a convenience to the community and not as evidence of their standardization.
Other protocols, such as those developed by other standards organizations, or by particular vendors, may be of interest or may be recommended for use in the Internet. The specifications of such protocols may be published as RFCs for the convenience of the Internet community. These protocols are labeled "informational" in this memorandum.
In addition to the working groups of the IETF, protocol development and experimentation may take place as a result of the work of the research groups of the Internet Research Task Force, or the work of other individuals interested in Internet protocol development. The IAB encourages the documentation of such experimental work in the RFC series, but none of this work is considered to be on the track for standardization until the IESG has made a recommendation to advance the protocol to the proposed standard state, and the IAB has approved this step.
A few protocols have achieved widespread implementation without the approval of the IESG and the IAB. For example, some vendor protocols have become very important to the Internet community even though they have not been recommended by the IESG or ratified by the IAB. However, the IAB strongly recommends that the IAB standards process be used in the evolution of the protocol suite to maximize interoperability (and to prevent incompatible protocol requirements from arising). The IAB reserves the use of the terms "standard", "draft standard", and "proposed standard" in any RFC or other publication of Internet protocols to only those protocols which the IAB has approved.
In addition to a state (like "Proposed Standard"), a protocol is also assigned a status, or requirement level, in this document. The possible requirement levels ("Required", "Recommended", "Elective", "Limited Use", and "Not Recommended") are defined in Section 4.2. When a protocol is on the standards track, that is in the proposed standard, draft standard, or standard state (see Section 5), the status shown in Section 6 is the current status. For a proposed or draft standard, however, the IAB will also endeavor to indicate the eventual status this protocol will have after adoption as a standard.
Few protocols are required to be implemented in all systems; this is because there is such a variety of possible systems, for example, gateways, terminal servers, workstations, and multi-user hosts. The requirement level shown in this document is only a one word label, which may not be sufficient to characterize the implementation requirements for a protocol in all situations. For some protocols, this document contains an additional status paragraph (an applicability statement). In addition, more detailed status information is contained in separate requirements documents (see Section 3).
2. The Request for Comments Documents
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The documents called Request for Comments (or RFCs) are the working notes of the "Network Working Group", that is the Internet research and development community. A document in this series may be on essentially any topic related to computer communication, and may be anything from a meeting report to the specification of a standard.
Notice:
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All standards are published as RFCs, but not all RFCs specify standards.
Anyone can submit a document for publication as an RFC. Submissions must be made via electronic mail to the RFC Editor (see the contact information at the end of this memo, and see RFC 1111).
While RFCs are not refereed publications, they do receive technical review from the task forces, individual technical experts, or the RFC Editor, as appropriate.
The RFC series comprises a wide range of documents, ranging from informational documents of general interests to specifications of standard Internet protocols. In cases where submission is intended to document a proposed standard, draft standard, or standard protocol, the RFC Editor will publish the document only with the approval of both the IESG and the IAB. For documents describing experimental work, the RFC Editor will notify the IESG before publication, allowing for the possibility of review by the relevant IETF working group or IRTF research group and provide those comments to the author. See Section 5.1 for more detail.
Once a document is assigned an RFC number and published, that RFC is never revised or re-issued with the same number. There is never a question of having the most recent version of a particular RFC. However, a protocol (such as File Transfer Protocol (FTP)) may be improved and re-documented many times in several different RFCs. It is important to verify that you have the most recent RFC on a particular protocol. This "IAB Official Protocol Standards" memo is the reference for determining the correct RFC for the current specification of each protocol.
The RFCs are available from the Network Information Center at SRI International, and a number of other sites. For more information about obtaining RFCs, see Sections 7.4 and 7.5.
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3. Other Reference Documents
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There are three other reference documents of interest in checking the current status of protocol specifications and standardization. These are the Assigned Numbers, the Gateway Requirements, and the Host Requirements. Note that these documents are revised and updated at different times; in case of differences between these documents, the most recent must prevail.
Also, one should be aware of the MIL-STD publications on IP, TCP, Telnet, FTP, and SMTP. These are described in Section 3.4.
3.1. Assigned Numbers
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This document lists the assigned values of the parameters used in the various protocols. For example, IP protocol codes, TCP port numbers, Telnet Option Codes, ARP hardware types, and Terminal Type names. Assigned Numbers was most recently issued as RFC-1060.
Another document, Internet Numbers, lists the assigned IP network numbers, and the autonomous system numbers. Internet Numbers was most recently issued as RFC-1166.
3.2. Gateway Requirements
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This document reviews the specifications that apply to gateways and supplies guidance and clarification for any ambiguities. Gateway Requirements is RFC-1009. A working group of the IETF is actively preparing a revision.
3.3. Host Requirements
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This pair of documents reviews and updates the specifications that apply to hosts, and it supplies guidance and clarification for any ambiguities. Host Requirements was issued as RFC-1122 and RFC-1123.
3.4. The MIL-STD Documents
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The Internet community specifications for IP (RFC-791) and TCP (RFC- 793) and the DoD MIL-STD specifications are intended to describe exactly the same protocols. Any difference in the protocols specified by these sets of documents should be reported to DCA and to the IAB. The RFCs and the MIL-STDs for IP and TCP differ in style and level of detail. It is strongly advised that the two sets of documents be used together, along with RFC-1122 and RFC-1123.
The IAB and the DoD MIL-STD specifications for the FTP, SMTP, and Telnet protocols are essentially the same documents (RFCs 765, 821, 854). The MIL-STD versions have been edited slightly. Note that the current Internet specification for FTP is RFC-959 (as modified by RFC-1123).
Note that these MIL-STD are now somewhat out of date. The Gateway Requirements (RFC-1009) and Host Requirements (RFC-1122, RFC-1123) take precedence over both earlier RFCs and the MIL-STDs.
Internet Protocol (IP) MIL-STD-1777 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) MIL-STD-1778 File Transfer Protocol (FTP) MIL-STD-1780 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) MIL-STD-1781 Telnet Protocol and Options (TELNET) MIL-STD-1782These documents are available from the Naval Publications and Forms Center. Requests can be initiated by telephone, telegraph, or mail; however, it is preferred that private industry use form DD1425, if possible. These five documents are included in the 1985 DDN Protocol Handbook (available from the SRI Network Information Systems Center, see Section 7.6).
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Naval Publications and Forms Center, Code 3015
5801 Tabor Ave
Philadelphia, PA 19120
Phone: 1-215-697-3321 (order tape)
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1-215-697-4834 (conversation)
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4. Explanation of Terms
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There are two independent categorization of protocols. The first is the "maturity level" or STATE of standardization, one of "standard", "draft standard", "proposed standard", "experimental", "informational" or "historic". The second is the "requirement level" or STATUS of this protocol, one of "required", "recommended", "elective", "limited use", or "not recommended".
The status or requirement level is difficult to portray in a one word label. These status labels should be considered only as an indication, and a further description, or applicability statement, should be consulted.
When a protocol is advanced to proposed standard or draft standard, it is labeled with a current status and when possible, the IAB also notes the status that the protocol is expected to have when it reaches the standard state.
At any given time a protocol occupies a cell of the following matrix. Protocols are likely to be in cells in about the following proportions (indicated by the relative number of Xs). A new protocol is most likely to start in the (proposed standard, elective) cell, or the (experimental, not recommended) cell.
S T A T U S Req Rec Ele Lim Not +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Std | X | XXX | XXX | | | S +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Draft | X | X | XXX | | | T +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Prop | | X | XXX | | | A +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Info | | X | XXX | XX | X | T +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Expr | | | X | XXX | XX | E +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Hist | | | | X | XXX | +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+What is a "system"?
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Some protocols are particular to hosts and some to gateways; a few protocols are used in both. The definitions of the terms below will refer to a "system" which is either a host or a gateway (or both). It should be clear from the context of the particular protocol which types of systems are intended.
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4.1. Definitions of Protocol State
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Every protocol listed in this document is assigned to a "maturity level" or STATE of standardization: "standard", "draft standard", "proposed standard", "experimental", or "historic".
4.1.1. Standard Protocol
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The IAB has established this as an official standard protocol for the Internet. These protocols are assigned STD numbers (see RFC- 1311). These are separated into two groups: (1) IP protocol and above, protocols that apply to the whole Internet; and (2) network-specific protocols, generally specifications of how to do
IP on particular types of networks.
4.1.2. Draft Standard Protocol
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The IAB is actively considering this protocol as a possible Standard Protocol. Substantial and widespread testing and comment are desired. Comments and test results should be submitted to the IAB. There is a possibility that changes will be made in a Draft Standard Protocol before it becomes a Standard Protocol.
4.1.3. Proposed Standard Protocol
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These are protocol proposals that may be considered by the IAB for standardization in the future. Implementation and testing by several groups is desirable. Revision of the protocol specification is likely.
4.1.4. Experimental Protocol
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A system should not implement an experimental protocol unless it is participating in the experiment and has coordinated its use of the protocol with the developer of the protocol.
Typically, experimental protocols are those that are developed as part of an ongoing research project not related to an operational service offering. While they may be proposed as a service protocol at a later stage, and thus become proposed standard, draft standard, and then standard protocols, the designation of a protocol as experimental may sometimes be meant to suggest that the protocol, although perhaps mature, is not intended for operational use.
4.1.5. Informational Protocol
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Protocols developed by other standard organizations, or vendors, or that are for other reasons outside the purview of the IAB, may be published as RFCs for the convenience of the Internet community as informational protocols. Such protocols may in some cases also be recommended for use in the Internet by the IAB.
4.1.6. Historic Protocol
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These are protocols that are unlikely to ever become standards in the Internet either because they have been superseded by later developments or due to lack of interest.
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4.2. Definitions of Protocol Status
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This document lists a "requirement level" or STATUS for each protocol. The status is one of "required", "recommended", "elective", "limited use", or "not recommended".
4.2.1. Required Protocol
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A system must implement the required protocols.
4.2.2. Recommended Protocol
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A system should implement the recommended protocols.
4.2.3. Elective Protocol
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A system may or may not implement an elective protocol. The general notion is that if you are going to do something like this, you must do exactly this. There may be several elective protocols in a general area, for example, there are several electronic mail protocols, and several routing protocols.
4.2.4. Limited Use Protocol
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These protocols are for use in limited circumstances. This may be because of their experimental state, specialized nature, limited functionality, or historic state.
4.2.5. Not Recommended Protocol
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These protocols are not recommended for general use. This may be because of their limited functionality, specialized nature, or experimental or historic state.
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5. The Standards Track
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This section discusses in more detail the procedures used by the RFC Editor and the IAB in making decisions about the labeling and publishing of protocols as standards.
5.1. The RFC Processing Decision Table
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Here is the current decision table for processing submissions by the RFC Editor. The processing depends on who submitted it, and the status they want it to have.
+==========================================================+ |**************| S O U R C E | +==========================================================+ | Desired | IAB | IESG | IRSG | Other | | Status | | | or RG | | +==========================================================+ | | | | | | | Standard | Publish | Vote | Bogus | Bogus | | or | (1) | (3) | (2) | (2) | | Draft | | | | | | Standard | | | | | +--------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+ | | | | | | | | Publish | Vote | Refer | Refer | | Proposed | (1) | (3) | (4) | (4) | | Standard | | | | | | | | | | | +--------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+ | | | | | | | | Publish | Notify | Notify | Notify | | Experimental | (1) | (5) | (5) | (5) | | Protocol | | | | | | | | | | | +--------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+ | | | | | | | Information | Publish |Discretion|Discretion|Discretion| | or Opinion | (1) | (6) | (6) | (6) | | Paper | | | | | | | | | | | +==========================================================+-
(1) Publish.
(2) Bogus. Inform the source of the rules. RFCs specifying
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Standard, or Draft Standard must come from the IAB, only.
(3) Vote by the IAB. If approved then do Publish (1), else do
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Refer (4).
(4) Refer to an Area Director for review by a WG. Expect to see
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the document again only after approval by the IESG and the IAB.
(5) Notify both the IESG and IRSG. If no concerns are raised in
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two weeks then do Discretion (6), else RFC Editor to resolve the concerns or do Refer (4).
(6) RFC Editor's discretion. The RFC Editor decides if a review
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is needed and if so by whom. RFC Editor decides to publish or not.
Of course, in all cases the RFC Editor can request or make minor changes for style, format, and presentation purposes.
The IESG has designated the IESG Secretary as its agent for forwarding documents with IESG approval and for registering concerns in response to notifications (5) to the RFC Editor. Documents from Area Directors or Working Group Chairs may be considered in the same way as documents from "other".
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5.2. The Standards Track Diagram
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There is a part of the STATUS and STATE categorization that is called the standards track. Actually, only the changes of state are significant to the progression along the standards track, though the status assignments may be changed as well.
The states illustrated by single line boxes are temporary states, those illustrated by double line boxes are long term states. A protocol will normally be expected to remain in a temporary state for several months (minimum six months for proposed standard, minimum four months for draft standard). A protocol may be in a long term state for many years.
A protocol may enter the standards track only on the recommendation of the IESG and by action of the IAB; and may move from one state to another along the track only on the recommendation of the IESG and by action of the IAB. That is, it takes both the IESG and the IAB to either start a protocol on the track or to move it along.
Generally, as the protocol enters the standards track a decision is made as to the eventual STATUS, requirement level or applicability (elective, recommended, or required) the protocol will have, although a somewhat less stringent current status may be assigned, and it then is placed in the the proposed standard STATE with that status. So the initial placement of a protocol is into state 1. At any time the STATUS decision may be revisited.
| +<----------------------------------------------+ | ^ V 0 | 4 +-----------+ +===========+ | enter |-->----------------+-------------->|experiment | +-----------+ | +=====+=====+ | | V 1 | +-----------+ V | proposed |-------------->+ +--->+-----+-----+ | | | | | V 2 | +<---+-----+-----+ V | draft std |-------------->+ +--->+-----+-----+ | | | | | V 3 | +<---+=====+=====+ V | standard |-------------->+ +=====+=====+ | | V 5 +=====+=====+ | historic | +===========+The transition from proposed standard (1) to draft standard (2) can only be by action of the IAB on the recommendation of the IESG and only after the protocol has been proposed standard (1) for at least six months.
The transition from draft standard (2) to standard (3) can only be by action of the IAB on the recommendation of the IESG and only after the protocol has been draft standard (2) for at least four months.
Occasionally, the decision may be that the protocol is not ready for standardization and will be assigned to the experimental state (4). This is off the standards track, and the protocol may be resubmitted to enter the standards track after further work. There are other paths into the experimental and historic states that do not involve IAB action.
Sometimes one protocol is replaced by another and thus becomes historic, or it may happen that a protocol on the standards track is in a sense overtaken by another protocol (or other events) and becomes historic (state 5).
6. The Protocols
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Subsection 6.1 lists recent RFCs and other changes. Subsections 6.2 - 6.9 list the standards in groups by protocol state.
6.1. Recent Changes
6.1.1. New RFCs:
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- - Introduction to the STD Notes
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - The Internet Standards Process
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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1309 - Technical Overview of Directory Services
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Using the X.500 Protocol
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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1308 - Executive Introduction to Directory Services
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Using the X.500 Protocol
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - Dynamically Switched Link Control Protocol
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An Experimental Protocol.
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1306 - Experiences Supporting By-Request Circuit-Switched T3 Networks-
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - Definitions of Managed Objects for the SIP Interface Type
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A Proposed Standard protocol.
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- - A Convention for Describing SNMP-based Agents
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - Building a Network Information Services Infrastructure
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - Multicast Transport Protocol
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - Remembrances of Things Past
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - SNMP over IPX
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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1297 - NOC Internal Integrated Trouble Ticket System Functional
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Specification Wishlist ("NOC TT REQUIREMENTS")
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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1296 - Internet Growth (1981-1991)
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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1295 - User Bill of Rights for entries
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and listings in the Public Directory
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - Multiprotocol Interconnect over Frame Relay
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A Proposed Standard protocol.
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- - Inverse Address Resolution Protocol
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A Proposed Standard protocol.
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- - A Catalog of Available X.500 Implementations
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - Mid-Level Networks - Potential Technical Services
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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1290 - There's Gold in them thar Networks! or Searching for Treasure in all the Wrong Places-
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - DECnet Phase IV MIB Extensions
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A Proposed Standard protocol.
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- - The Finger User Information Protocol
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A Draft Standard protocol.
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- - Towards the Future Internet Architecture
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - Definitions of Managed Objects for Bridges
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A Proposed Standard protocol.
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- - FDDI Management Information Base
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A Proposed Standard protocol.
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1284 - Definitions of Managed Objects for the Ethernet-like
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Interface Types
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A Proposed Standard protocol.
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- - SNMP over OSI
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An Experimental protocol.
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- - BSD Rlogin
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - Guidelines for the Secure Operation of the Internet
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - This memo.
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1279 - X.500 and Domains
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An Experimental protocol.
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- - A string encoding of Presentation Address
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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1277 - Encoding Network Addresses to support operation over non-
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OSI lower layers
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A Proposed Standard protocol.
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1276 - Replication and Distributed Operations extensions to
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provide an Internet Directory using X.500
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A Proposed Standard protocol.
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1275 - Replication Requirements to provide an Internet Directory
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using X.500
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - The COSINE and Internet X.500 Schema
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A Proposed Standard protocol.
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1273 - A Measurement Study of Changes in Service-Level
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Reachability in the Global TCP/IP Internet: Goals, Experimental Design, Implementation, and Policy Considerations-
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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1272 - Internet Accounting: Background
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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- - Remote Network Monitoring Management Information Base
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A Proposed Standard protocol.
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- - SNMP Communications Services
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This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
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1269 - Definitions of Managed Objects for the Border Gateway
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Protocol (Version 3)
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A Proposed Standard protocol.
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- - Application of the Border Gateway Protocol in the Internet
-
-
A Draft Standard protocol.
-
- - A Border Gateway Protocol 3 (BGP-3)
-
-
A Draft Standard protocol.
-
- - Experience with the BGP Protocol
-
-
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
-
- - BGP Protocol Analysis
-
-
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
-
1264 - Internet Engineering Task Force - Internet Routing Protocol
-
Standardization Criteria
-
-
-
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
-
- - TCP Extensions Considered Harmful
-
-
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
-
- - Guidelines for Internet Measurement Activities
-
-
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
-
- - Transition of NIC Services
-
-
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
-
- - Not yet issued.
1259 - Building The Open Road: The NREN As Test-Bed For
-
-
The National Public Network
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
-
- - BSD Rlogin
-
-
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard. Obsoleted by RFC 1282.
-
1257 - Isochronous Applications Do Not Require Jitter-Controlled
-
Networks
-
-
-
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
-
- - ICMP Router Discovery Messages
-
-
A Proposed Standard protocol.
-
- - A Naming Scheme for c=US
-
-
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
-
- - Gateway Congestion Control Survey
-
-
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
-
- - OSPF Version 2 Management Information Base
-
-
A Proposed Standard protocol.
-
1108 - U.S. Department of Defense Security Options for the
-
Internet Protocol
-
-
-
A Proposed Standard protocol.
-
- - Request for Comments Summary RFC Numbers 1000-1099
-
-
This is an information document and does not specify any level of standard.
-
-
-
6.1.2. Other Changes:
6.2. Standard Protocols
Protocol Name Status RFC STD *
======== ===================================== ======== ==== === =
-------- IAB Official Protocol Standards Req 1280 1 *
-------- Assigned Numbers Req 1060 2 *
-------- Host Requirements - Communications Req 1122 3 *
-------- Host Requirements - Applications Req 1123 3 *
-------- Gateway Requirements Req 1009 4 *
IP Internet Protocol Req 791 5 *
as amended by:
-------- IP Subnet Extension Req 950 5 *
-------- IP Broadcast Datagrams Req 919 5 *
-------- IP Broadcast Datagrams with Subnets Req 922 5 *
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol Req 792 5 *
IGMP Internet Group Multicast Protocol Rec 1112 5 *
UDP User Datagram Protocol Rec 768 6 *
TCP Transmission Control Protocol Rec 793 7 *
TELNET Telnet Protocol Rec 854,855 8 *
FTP File Transfer Protocol Rec 959 9 *
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Rec 821 10 *
MAIL Format of Electronic Mail Messages Rec 822 11 *
CONTENT Content Type Header Field Rec 1049 11 *
NTP Network Time Protocol Rec 1119 12 *
DOMAIN Domain Name System Rec 1034,1035 13 *
DNS-MX Mail Routing and the Domain System Rec 974 14 *
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol Rec 1157 15 *
SMI Structure of Management Information Rec 1155 16 *
MIB-II Management Information Base-II Rec 1213 17 *
EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol Rec 904 18 *
NETBIOS NetBIOS Service Protocols Ele 1001,1002 19 *
ECHO Echo Protocol Rec 862 20 *
DISCARD Discard Protocol Ele 863 21 *
CHARGEN Character Generator Protocol Ele 864 22 *
QUOTE Quote of the Day Protocol Ele 865 23 *
USERS Active Users Protocol Ele 866 24 *
DAYTIME Daytime Protocol Ele 867 25 *
TIME Time Server Protocol Ele 868 26 *
[Note: an asterisk at the end of a line indicates a change from the previous edition of this document.]
Applicability Statements:
-
IGMP -- The Internet Activities Board intends to move towards general adoption of IP multicasting, as a more efficient solution than broadcasting for many applications. The host interface has been standardized in RFC-1112; however, multicast-routing gateways are in the experimental stage and are not widely available. An Internet host should support all of RFC-1112, except for the IGMP protocol itself which is optional; see RFC-1122 for more details. Even without IGMP, implementation of RFC-1112 will provide an important advance: IP-layer access to local network multicast addressing. It is expected that IGMP will become recommended for all hosts and gateways at some future date.
SMI, MIB-II SNMP -- The Internet Activities Board recommends that all IP and TCP implementations be network manageable. At the current time, this implies implementation of the Internet MIB-II (RFC-1213), and at least the recommended management protocol SNMP (RFC-1157).
6.3. Network-Specific Standard Protocols
Protocol Name State Status RFC ======== ===================================== ======= ====== ===== IP-FR Multiprotocol over Frame Relay Prop Ele 1294* IP-SMDS Transmission of IP Datagrams over SMDS Prop Ele 1209* ARP Address Resolution Protocol Std Ele 826* RARP A Reverse Address Resolution Protocol Std Ele 903* IP-ARPA Internet Protocol on ARPANET Std Ele BBN1822* IP-WB Internet Protocol on Wideband Network Std Ele 907* IP-X25 Internet Protocol on X.25 Networks Std Ele 877* IP-E Internet Protocol on Ethernet Networks Std Ele 894* IP-EE Internet Protocol on Exp. Ethernet Nets Std Ele 895* IP-IEEE Internet Protocol on IEEE 802 Std Ele 1042* IP-DC Internet Protocol on DC Networks Std Ele 891* IP-HC Internet Protocol on Hyperchannel Std Ele 1044* IP-ARC Internet Protocol on ARCNET Std Ele 1051* IP-SLIP Transmission of IP over Serial Lines Std Ele 1055* IP-NETBIOS Transmission of IP over NETBIOS Std Ele 1088* IP-IPX Transmission of 802.2 over IPX Networks Std Ele 1132* IP-FDDI Transmission of IP over FDDI Draft Ele 1188*
[Note: an asterisk at the end of a line indicates a change from the previous edition of this document.]
Applicability Statements:
-
It is expected that a system will support one or more physical networks and for each physical network supported the appropriate protocols from the above list must be supported. That is, it is elective to support any particular type of physical network, and for the physical networks actually supported it is required that they be supported exactly according to the protocols in the above list. See also the Host and Gateway Requirements RFCs for more specific information on network-specific ("link layer") protocols.
6.4. Draft Standard Protocols
Protocol Name Status RFC ======== ===================================== ============== ===== FINGER Finger Protocol Elective 1288* BGP-APP Application of BGP Elective 1268* BGP3 Border Gateway Protocol 3 (BGP-3) Elective 1267* OSPF2 Open Shortest Path First Routing V2 Elective 1247 POP3 Post Office Protocol, Version 3 Elective 1225 Concise-MIB Concise MIB Definitions Elective 1212 IP-FDDI Internet Protocol on FDDI Networks Elective 1188 TOPT-LINE Telnet Linemode Option Elective 1184 PPP Point to Point Protocol Elective 1171 -------- Mail Privacy: Procedures Elective 1113 -------- Mail Privacy: Key Management Elective 1114 -------- Mail Privacy: Algorithms Elective 1115 BOOTP Bootstrap Protocol Recommended 951,1084 RIP Routing Information Protocol Elective 1058 TP-TCP ISO Transport Service on top of the TCP Elective 1006 NICNAME WhoIs Protocol Elective 954 TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol Elective 783
[Note: an asterisk at the end of a line indicates a change from the previous edition of this document.]
Applicability Statements:
-
RIP -- The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is widely implemented and used in the Internet. However, both implementors and users should be aware that RIP has some serious technical limitations as a routing protocol. The IETF is currently developing several candidates for a new standard "open" routing protocol with better properties than RIP. The IAB urges the Internet community to track these developments, and to implement the new protocol when it is standardized; improved Internet service will result for many users.
TP-TCP -- As OSI protocols become more widely implemented and used, there will be an increasing need to support interoperation with the TCP/IP protocols. The Internet Engineering Task Force is formulating strategies for interoperation. RFC-1006 provides one interoperation mode, in which TCP/IP is used to emulate TP0 in order to support OSI applications. Hosts that wish to run OSI connection-oriented applications in this mode should use the procedure described in RFC- 1006. In the future, the IAB expects that a major portion of the Internet will support both TCP/IP and OSI (inter-)network protocols in parallel, and it will then be possible to run OSI applications across the Internet using full OSI protocol "stacks".
PPP -- Point to Point Protocol is a method of sending IP over serial lines, which are a type of physical network. It is anticipated that PPP will be advanced to the network-specific standard protocol state in the future.
6.5. Proposed Standard Protocols
Protocol Name Status RFC ======== ===================================== ============== ===== SIP-MIB SIP Interface Type MIB Elective 1304* IARP Inverse Address Resolution Protocol Elective 1293* DECNET-MIB DECNET MIB Elective 1289* BRIDGE-MIB BRIDGE-MIB Elective 1286* FDDI-MIB FDDI-MIB Elective 1285* ETHER-MIB Ethernet MIB Elective 1284* ------- Encoding Network Addresses... Elective 1277* ------- Replication and Distributed Operations.. Elective 1276* ------- Replication Requirements... Elective 1275* ------- COSINE and Internet X.500 Schema... Elective 1274* RMON-MIB Remote Network Monitoring MIB Elective 1271* BGP-MIB Border Gateway Protocol MIB (Version 3) Elective 1269* ICMP-ROUT ICMP Router Discovery Messages Elective 1256* OSPF-MIB OSPF Version 2 MIB Elective 1253* IPSO DoD Security Options for IP Elective 1108* AT-MIB Appletalk MIB Elective 1243 OSI-UDP OSI TS on UDP Elective 1240 STD-MIBs Reassignment of Exp MIBs to Std MIBs Elective 1239 OSI-NSAP Guidelines for OSI NSAP Allocation Elective 1237 IPX-IP Tunneling IPX Traffic through IP Nets Elective 1234 DS3-MIB DS3 Interface Objects Elective 1233 DS1-MIB DS1 Interface Objects Elective 1232 802.5-MIB IEEE 802.5 Token Ring MIB Elective 1231 802.4-MIP IEEE 802.4 Token Bus MIB Elective 1230 GINT-MIB Extensions to the Generic-Interface MIB Elective 1229 PPP-EXT PPP Extensions for Bridging Elective 1220 OIM-MIB-II OSI Internet Management: MIB-II Elective 1214 IP-SMDS IP Datagrams over the SMDS Service Elective 1209 IP-ARCNET Transmitting IP Traffic over ARCNET Nets Elective 1201 IS-IS OSI IS-IS for TCP/IP Dual Environments Elective 1195 IP-MTU Path MTU Discovery Elective 1191 CMOT Common Management Information Services.. Elective 1189 PPP-INIT PPP Initial Configuration Options Elective 1172 IP-CMPRS Compressing TCP/IP Headers Elective 1144 ISO-TS-ECHO Echo for ISO-8473 Elective 1139 SUN-NFS Network File System Protocol Elective 1094 SUN-RPC Remote Procedure Call Protocol Elective 1057 PCMAIL Pcmail Transport Protocol Elective 1056 NFILE A File Access Protocol Elective 1037 ------- Mapping between X.400(84) and RFC-822 Elective 987,1026 NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol Elective 977 HOSTNAME HOSTNAME Protocol Elective 953 SFTP Simple File Transfer Protocol Elective 913 RLP Resource Location Protocol Elective 887 SUPDUP SUPDUP Protocol Elective 734
[Note: an asterisk at the end of a line indicates a change from the previous edition of this document.]
Applicability Statements:
-
IP-SMDS and IP-ARCNET -- These define methods of sending IP over particular network types. It is anticipated that these will be advanced to the network specific standard protocol state in the future.
6.6. Telnet Options
For convenience, all the Telnet Options are collected here with both
their state and status.
Protocol Name Number State Status RFC STD ======== ===================================== ===== ====== ==== ==== TOPT-BIN Binary Transmission 0 Std Rec 856 27* TOPT-ECHO Echo 1 Std Rec 857 28* TOPT-RECN Reconnection 2 Prop Ele ... TOPT-SUPP Suppress Go Ahead 3 Std Rec 858 29* TOPT-APRX Approx Message Size Negotiation 4 Prop Ele ... TOPT-STAT Status 5 Std Rec 859 30* TOPT-TIM Timing Mark 6 Std Rec 860 31* TOPT-REM Remote Controlled Trans and Echo 7 Prop Ele 726 TOPT-OLW Output Line Width 8 Prop Ele ... TOPT-OPS Output Page Size 9 Prop Ele ... TOPT-OCRD Output Carriage-Return Disposition 10 Prop Ele 652 TOPT-OHT Output Horizontal Tabstops 11 Prop Ele 653 TOPT-OHTD Output Horizontal Tab Disposition 12 Prop Ele 654 TOPT-OFD Output Formfeed Disposition 13 Prop Ele 655 TOPT-OVT Output Vertical Tabstops 14 Prop Ele 656 TOPT-OVTD Output Vertical Tab Disposition 15 Prop Ele 657 TOPT-OLD Output Linefeed Disposition 16 Prop Ele 658 TOPT-EXT Extended ASCII 17 Prop Ele 698 TOPT-LOGO Logout 18 Prop Ele 727 TOPT-BYTE Byte Macro 19 Prop Ele 735 TOPT-DATA Data Entry Terminal 20 Prop Ele 1043 TOPT-SUP SUPDUP 21 Prop Ele 734 TOPT-SUPO SUPDUP Output 22 Prop Ele 749 TOPT-SNDL Send Location 23 Prop Ele 779 TOPT-TERM Terminal Type 24 Prop Ele 930 TOPT-EOR End of Record 25 Prop Ele 885 TOPT-TACACS TACACS User Identification 26 Prop Ele 927 TOPT-OM Output Marking 27 Prop Ele 933 TOPT-TLN Terminal Location Number 28 Prop Ele 946 TOPT-3270 Telnet 3270 Regime 29 Prop Ele 1041 TOPT-X.3 X.3 PAD 30 Prop Ele 1053 TOPT-NAWS Negotiate About Window Size 31 Prop Ele 1073 TOPT-TS Terminal Speed 32 Prop Ele 1079 TOPT-RFC Remote Flow Control 33 Prop Ele 1080 TOPT-LINE Linemode 34 Draft Ele 1184 TOPT-XDL X Display Location 35 Prop Ele 1096 TOPT-EXTOP Extended-Options-List 255 Std Rec 861 32*
[Note: an asterisk at the end of a line indicates a change from the previous edition of this document.]
6.7. Experimental Protocols
Protocol Name Status RFC ======== ===================================== ============== ===== DSLCP Dynamically Switched Link Control Elective 1307* -------- X.500 and Domains Elective 1279* SNMP-OSI SNMP over OSI Elective 1283* IN-ENCAP Internet Encapsulation Protocol Limited Use 1241 CLNS-MIB CLNS-MIB Limited Use 1238 CFDP Coherent File Distribution Protocol Limited Use 1235 SNMP-DPI SNMP Distributed Program Interface Limited Use 1228 SNMP-MUX SNMP MUX Protocol and MIB Limited Use 1227 IP-AX25 IP Encapsulation of AX.25 Frames Limited Use 1226 ALERTS Managing Asynchronously Generated Alerts Limited Use 1224 MPP Message Posting Protocol Limited Use 1204 ST-II Stream Protocol Limited Use 1190 SNMP-BULK Bulk Table Retrieval with the SNMP Limited Use 1187 DNS-RR New DNS RR Definitions Limited Use 1183 NTP-OSI NTP over OSI Remote Operations Limited Use 1165 MSP Message Send Protocol Limited Use 1159 EHF-MAIL Encoding Header Field for Mail Elective 1154 DMF-MAIL Digest Message Format for Mail Elective 1153 RDP Reliable Data Protocol Limited Use 908,1151 -------- Mapping between X.400(88) and RFC-822 Elective 1148 TCP-ACO TCP Alternate Checksum Option Not Recommended 1146 -------- Mapping full 822 to Restricted 822 Elective 1137 IP-DVMRP IP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Not Recommended 1075 TCP-LDP TCP Extensions for Long Delay Paths Limited Use 1072 IMAP2 Interactive Mail Access Protocol Limited Use 1176,1064 IMAP3 Interactive Mail Access Protocol Limited Use 1203 VMTP Versatile Message Transaction Protocol Elective 1045 COOKIE-JAR Authentication Scheme Not Recommended 1004 NETBLT Bulk Data Transfer Protocol Not Recommended 998 IRTP Internet Reliable Transaction Protocol Not Recommended 938 AUTH Authentication Service Not Recommended 931 LDP Loader Debugger Protocol Not Recommended 909 NVP-II Network Voice Protocol Limited Use ISI-memo PVP Packet Video Protocol Limited Use ISI-memo
[Note: an asterisk at the end of a line indicates a change from the previous edition of this document.]
6.8. Informational Protocols
Protocol Name Status RFC ======= ==================================== =============== ===== MTP Multicast Transport Protocol Elective 1301* SNMP-IPX SNMP over IPX Elective 1298* BSD Login BSD Login Elective 1282* DIXIE DIXIE Protocol Specification Limited Use 1249 IP-X.121 IP to X.121 Address Mapping for DDN Limited Use 1236 OSI-HYPER OSI and LLC1 on HYPERchannel Limited Use 1223 HAP2 Host Access Protocol Limited Use 1221 SUBNETASGN On the Assignment of Subnet Numbers Limited Use 1219 SNMP-TRAPS Defining Traps for use with SNMP Limited Use 1215 DAS Directory Assistance Service Limited Use 1202 MD4 MD4 Message Digest Algorithm Limited Use 1186 LPDP Line Printer Daemon Protocol Limited Use 1179
[Note: an asterisk at the end of a line indicates a change from the previous edition of this document.]
6.9. Historic Protocols
Protocol Name Status RFC ======= ===================================== ============== ===== BGP Border Gateway Protocol Elective 1163,1164* MIB-I MIB-I Not Recommended 1156* SGMP Simple Gateway Monitoring Protocol Not Recommended 1028 HEMS High Level Entity Management Protocol Not Recommended 1021 STATSRV Statistics Server Not Recommended 996 POP2 Post Office Protocol, Version 2 Not Recommended 937 RATP Reliable Asynchronous Transfer Protocol Not Recommended 916 HFEP Host - Front End Protocol Not Recommended 929 THINWIRE Thinwire Protocol Not Recommended 914 HMP Host Monitoring Protocol Not Recommended 869 GGP Gateway Gateway Protocol Not Recommended 823 RTELNET Remote Telnet Service Not Recommended 818 CLOCK DCNET Time Server Protocol Not Recommended 778 MPM Internet Message Protocol Not Recommended 759 NETRJS Remote Job Service Not Recommended 740 NETED Network Standard Text Editor Not Recommended 569 RJE Remote Job Entry Not Recommended 407 XNET Cross Net Debugger Not Recommended IEN-158 NAMESERVER Host Name Server Protocol Not Recommended IEN-116 MUX Multiplexing Protocol Not Recommended IEN-90 GRAPHICS Graphics Protocol Not Recommended NIC-24308
[Note: an asterisk at the end of a line indicates a change from the previous edition of this document.]
7. Contacts
7.1. IAB, IETF, and IRTF Contacts
-
7.1.1. Internet Activities Board (IAB) Contact
Please send your comments about this list of protocols and especially about the Draft Standard Protocols to the Internet Activities Board care of Bob Braden, IAB Executive Director.
-
Contacts:
Bob Braden Executive Director of the IAB USC/Information Sciences Institute 4676 Admiralty Way Marina del Rey, CA 90292-6695 1-310-822-1511 Braden@ISI.EDU-
-
A. Lyman Chapin
Chair of the IAB
Bolt, Beranek & Newman
Mail Stop 20/5b
150 Cambridge Park Drive
Cambridge, MA 02140
-
1-617-873-3133 Lyman@BBN.COM 7.1.2. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Contact-
Contacts:
Phill Gross Chair of the IETF Advanced Network and Services 100 Clearbrook Road Elmsford, NY 10523 1-914-789-5300 PGross@NRI.RESTON.VA.US-
-
Greg Vaudreuil
IESG Secretary
Corporation for National Research Initiatives
1895 Preston White Drive, Suite 100
Reston, VA 22091
-
1-703-620-8990 gvaudre@NRI.RESTON.VA.US 7.1.3. Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) Contact-
Contact:
Jon Postel Chair of the IRTF USC/Information Sciences Institute 4676 Admiralty Way Marina del Rey, CA 90292-6695 1-310-822-1511 Postel@ISI.EDU -
7.2. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority Contact
-
-
Contact:
Joyce K. Reynolds Internet Assigned Numbers Authority USC/Information Sciences Institute 4676 Admiralty Way Marina del Rey, CA 90292-6695 1-310-822-1511 IANA@ISI.EDUThe protocol standards are managed for the IAB by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.
Please refer to the document "Assigned Numbers" (RFC-1060) for further information about the status of protocol documents. There are two documents that summarize the requirements for host and gateways in the Internet, "Host Requirements" (RFC-1122 and RFC-1123) and "Gateway Requirements" (RFC-1009).
-
How to obtain the most recent edition of this "IAB Official Protocol Standards" memo:
-
The file "in-notes/iab-standards.txt" may be copied via FTP from the VENERA.ISI.EDU computer using the FTP username "anonymous" and FTP password "guest".
-
-
7.3. Request for Comments Editor Contact
-
-
Contact:
Jon Postel RFC Editor USC/Information Sciences Institute 4676 Admiralty Way Marina del Rey, CA 90292-6695 1-310-822-1511 RFC-Editor@ISI.EDUDocuments may be submitted via electronic mail to the RFC Editor for consideration for publication as RFC. If you are not familiar with the format or style requirements please request the "Instructions for RFC Authors". In general, the style of any recent RFC may be used as a guide.
-
7.4. The Network Information Center and
Requests for Comments Distribution Contact
-
-
Contact:
Government Systems, Inc. Attn: Network Information Center 14200 Park Meadow Drive Suite 200 Chantilly, VA 22021-
-
Help Desk Hours of Operation: 7:00 am to 7:00 pm Eastern Time
-
1-800-365-3642 (1-800-365-DNIC) 1-703-802-4535 Fax Number: 1-703-802-8376 NIC@NIC.DDN.MILThe Network Information Center (NIC) provides many information services for the Internet community. Among them is maintaining the Requests for Comments (RFC) library.
-
7.5. Sources for Requests for Comments
-
Details on obtaining RFCs via FTP or EMAIL may be obtained by sending an EMAIL message to "rfc-info@ISI.EDU" with the message body "help: ways_to_get_rfcs". For example:
To: rfc-info@ISI.EDU Subject: getting rfcs-
-
help:
-
ways_to_get_rfcs
-
7.6 SRI Network Information Systems Center
-
To obtain documentation from the SRI Network Information Systems Center (NISC):
EMail: nisc@nisc.sri.com Phone: (415) 859-6387, (415) 859-3695 Fax: (415) 859-6028
8. Security Considerations
-
Security issues are not addressed in this memo.
9. Author's Address
-
Jon Postel
USC/Information Sciences Institute
4676 Admiralty Way
Marina del Rey, CA 90292Phone: 310-822-1511 Fax: 310-823-6714
Email:
Postel@ISI.EDU